Manual for undertaking national urban assesment
Asian countries are urbanizing at a fast pace. Urbanization is a key process driving Asia’s economic growth and paradoxically occurring as a result of increased economic activities. Progressively accepted as an inevitable phenomenon, it is a requisite for national governments in Asia to understand this process in order to meet the challenges of urbanization while sustaining economic growth. Asian countries face the critical urban challenge of maintaining economic growth that is equitable, inclusive, and sustainable. To achieve sustainable urban growth, there is a need to assess current and future socioeconomic challenges and opportunities for improvement, and the priority investments to achieve such improvement. Urban regions increase the focus of economies and drive economic development of countries. Crucially, urban areas contribute from 60% to as high as 75% of gross domestic product (GDP) in Asian countries (ADB June 2008) (ADB 2011b). Thus, it is imperative to assess the structure of urban economies and to understand the role of such regions in the context of the national economy. Increasingly, the impact of global competitiveness and the national policy context on the constitution and restructuring of urban economies presents opportunities and threats that require careful analysis. These assessments can determine potential strategies and investment needs for creating an enabling environment. Critical to this challenge is the ability to meet the huge infrastructure deficit in the urban powerhouses of Asia. To sustain even current level of economic growth, Asian countries need to invest in urban infrastructure and ensure sustainability of the investments. Resources that can single-handedly meet the challenge of infrastructure needs are beyond the capacity of any agency. These needs can only be met through a concerted effort between the national governments and its development partners, who range from the private sector, business groups, and citizen initiatives to international financial institutions, multilateral donors, and regional partnerships. Sustainable urbanization is critical to progressively advance urban economies.
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