Second nationally determined contribution Republic of Indonesia

The Second Nationally Determined Contribution (SNDC) represents Indonesia’s continued commitment, as mandated by Decision 1/CP.21 of UNFCCC, building upon a progressive series of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). This trajectory began with the submission of the Intended NDC in 2015, which pledged emissions reduction of 29% through domestic efforts (unconditional) and up to 41% with international support (conditional) compared to Business-as-Usual scenario as baseline for
mitigation target. It was followed by the First NDC in 2016 by enhancing clarity, transparency and understanding for both national and international interests. In recognition of evolving national priorities, the mandate of Paris Agreement Article 4 and related COP decisions, Indonesia submitted an Updated NDC in 2022 and subsequently an Enhanced NDC, which raised its ambition to 31.89% (unconditional) and 43.20% (conditional) emissions reduction. Second NOC adopts an emissions level target to better reflect Indonesia’s increased ambition and the updates in methodology baseline, and scenario approaches. Indonesia’s climate target has been integrated and synergized with the President’s vision and the national development plan. The preparation of Indonesia’s Second NDC is guided by Asta Cita, the country’s development vision, articulated in the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2025-2029. Indonesia’s Second NDC is fully align with the Nation’s Low Emissions Development Strategies (LTS-LCCR 2050) and the Long Term Development Planning Document (RPJPN 2025-2045). This alignment
ensures that Indonesia’s climate ambition to achieve Net Zero Emissions by 2060 or sooner is maintained without backsliding, while also supporting national economic goals. The Second NDC applies a 100-year Global Warming Potential (GWP) metric based on the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report and covering five key
sectors: Energy, Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU), Waste, Agriculture, and Forestry and Other Land Use (FOLU). It will include other non-CO2 emissions, such as Methane (CH4), Nitrous Oxide (N2O), and Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC).

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