Healthy buildings, cities and you
The perceived environment and the climate affects people´s physical and mental health. More than 50% of the world’s population live in urban areas and it is estimated that in the year 2050, this number will reach 70%.1 The way we design and develop our cities is crucial for our health and well-being. A significant part of the disease burden in Europe is still attributed to environmental pollution. Air and noise pollution are among the most significant environmental threats to health on the continent. Similarly, light pollution is not only a hazard to our environment and biodiversity but also to human health. At the same time obesity, stress anxiety and depression are increasing at a rapid rate in most of the EU member states.2 The risk of developing depression is 20% higher among city dwellers than among people living outside cities.3 On the other hand, the city provides more options and solutions for healthy lifestyles, to move actively, to share resources and reduce impact on the living environment. Nature is a mechanism to help improve public health and well-being both mentally and physically, and it helps reduce both air and noise pollution. The Covid-19 pandemic has greatly affected people’s health and the way we live, work and communicate. It has raised awareness of people’s physical health, mental health and how space and spatial conditions impact our lifestyle. There is a clear link between the state of the environment and the health of our population.4 The pandemic is a stark reminder of the complex links between the environment, our social systems and our health, both physical and mental.5 We need to be aware of the importance of the way we design our future cities and buildings on improving the health and well-being of the people and addressing the climatological challenges that our living environments are facing. How do the environment and human activities affect human health, both mental and physical? What can cities do to design urban areas and buildings in the future to help improve human health and happiness? What can we expect of the development of environmental pollution in the future? These are the questions this report seeks to answer. By looking at some of the important factors affecting our health – greenery, air, light, noise and movement – we can do much to incorporate health and well-being into urban living.
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