Smart city pathways for developing asia
Rapid urbanization is a defining phenomenon in the Asia and Pacific region. By 2050, Asia’s total urban population will rise to 3.5 billion.
1. The growing concentration of people in cities poses fundamental challenges, particularly for urban areas in developing Asia, as they are struggling to provide continuous and adequate basic services, placing them on an unsustainable development path.
2. In recognition of this challenging setting, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) aligned with one of the seven operational priorities of the Strategy 2030—aims to make cities in its developing member countries (DMCs) green, competitive, resilient, and inclusive.3 2. This working paper considers smart cities to improve the access to and quality of urban services for citizens, businesses, and governments through the strategic use of digital technologies. Given the variety and complexity of smart city initiatives, an analytic framework to assess, design, and implement a smart city concept in specific contexts in Asia and the Pacific is presented to support the implementation of smart city initiatives by ADB’s DMCs.
3. The proposed analytical framework can help professionals to make sense of the abundance of information, define priorities, identify opportunities and implementation barriers, link strategy and actions, and monitor progress. In this working paper, an analytic framework for smart city pathways in developing Asia is developed based on an extensive review of 150 smart city initiatives worldwide and an analysis of 29 international smart city models.
4. This paper has been informed by ADB’s ongoing discussions on smart city opportunities and project activities across sectors and regions, including the March 2018 brainstorming session, which brought together representatives from ADB’s Digital for Technology Development Unit; Governance Thematic Group; Environment Thematic Group; Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management Thematic Group; Urban Sector Group; Transport Sector Group; South Asia Department’s Urban Development and Water Division; and Pacific Department’s Urban, Social Development, and Public Management Division.
5. This paper sets out the following objectives:
• Review international smart city initiatives and models to compile common elements and assess their applicability to cities in developing Asia (Chapter 1).
• Present and discuss the main action fields illustrated by a list of ADB and international case examples utilizing smart city solutions (Chapter 2).
• Consider smart city enablers, their role, challenges, and opportunities (Chapter 3).
• Provide guidance on steps for realizing smart city opportunities through an analytical framework, with consideration to the role of multilateral development banks (MDBs) in financing smart city initiatives and supporting knowledge exchange and partnerships (Chapters 4 and 5).
• Propose next steps and recommendations for policy makers to advance smart city solutions in their plans, projects, and programs (Chapter 6).
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