Advacing the law of the sea: Addressing climate change and marine biodiversity challenges
The Indonesia Ocean Justice Initiative (IOJI) and Directorate General of Legal Affairs and International Treaties of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia (MOFA) co-organized a half-day workshop on 9 May 2025 titled “Advancing the Law of the Sea: Addressing Climate Change and Marine
Biodiversity Challenges”. The Workshop was opened by the Director General for Legal Affairs and International Treaties, L. Amrih Jinangkung and the CEO of IOJI, Mas Achmad Santosa. The Workshop discussed two of the most significant recent developments in the law of the sea and climate change, namely: (1) the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) Advisory Opinion (AO) on
Climate Change and International Law, and (2) the adoption of the Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ Agreement) forIndonesia. The Workshop broke down the
legal implications of the ITLOS AO and the BBNJ Agreement for Indonesia.
The event was attended by diverse groups of participants, including government officials, academics, foreign counterparts, students, as well as civil organizations. The key speakers, H.E. Judge Tomas Heidar, the President of ITLOS, greatly contributed to the discussions offering his perspective on the AO and the
global developments of international law. As the impacts of climate change evidently become more severe and the loss of marine biodiversity is rapidly increasing, efforts on climate change mitigation and protection of the marine ecosystem should be intensified. Globally, sea-level rise, ocean warming and ecosystem degradation threaten the livelihoods, food security, and statehood of countries.
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